The 2024 Nobel price for chemistry was won by three scientist and with the help of Ai in the field of chemistry. The area of focus was on Proteins, the building block of life. The laureates achieved an amazing feat in regards to how we understand protein in an organism.; In order to understand how proteins work, we need to understand what they look like. So one may ask what are proteins made up of? well proteins are made up of thousands of atoms, and what these protein can do depends on how those atoms are arranged. There are different types of proteins and the only difference between them is the arrangement of the atoms. This arrangements give proteins different shapes and as a result different functions.; For decades scientist have tried to predict the shapes of these proteins from knowing their amino-acid sequence which are connected in a chain, and then fold itself 3d structures or shapes. These are encoded in the DNA of an organism. The question then was can we predict the structure of these proteins using computers, this would help them understand how life works; Proteins are called the building blocks of life because they make genetics a possibility. Proteins are huge molecules made from amino acids that help form our bones, hair, skin, body tissues and all parts of the human body. Proteins also form our muscles that enable our bodies to move as well as neurons in our brains, hormones in our bodies and even white blood cells that help fight off disease in our blood.; In 2003 a scientist called David Baker and his colleagues developed a compulational tool called Rosetta to design these proteins that can perform various functions. So in short, Baker was able to draw these structures in 3 dimension, figure out the sequence of amino acids that could give that structure using Rosetta and after that create these proteins which does not even exist in nature. With this developement Baker opened up a new world of protein structures. However this was not all, predicting this protein structures was next to impossible because the number of possible structures that can be derived from any given sequence is astronomical.; In 2018 - 2020 two scientist managed to predict this structures using AI with up to 90% accuracy. This was based on neural network called Alpha Fold2. This AI has trained on a huge number sequences and is able to predict the most likely protein structure.; This caused a complete revolution in structural biochemistry. Alpha Fold 2 was trained on a huge database of proteins and can predict possible structures to a high level of accuracy and with this scientist can design proteins such as a plastic degrading enzymes that breaks down palstics from our environment, antibiotic resistance, protect against viruses, creating nano materials, developing drug inhibitors and much more.; The 2024 Nobel price for chemistry was won by David Baker (University of washington - USA), Demis Hassabis (Google DeepMind - UK) and John M. Jumper (Google DeepMind - UK). ; David Baker's role was in computational protein design, while Demis Hassabis & John M. Jumper were for accurate prediction of the protein structure.; Please share this post if you found this article interesting and helpful.

Thousands of residents have been forced to evacuate, as wildfires continue to sweep through the Los Angeles area. ; As of Wednesday morning, the Palisades Fire had burned 2921 acres and was 0% contained, with strong Santa Ana winds and low humidity, expected to intensify its spread.; A second blaze, the Eaton Fire, had scorched 2227 acres by Wednesday morning, joining three other fires reported in Los Angeles and Riverside counties, all of which remained 0% contained.; California Governor Gavin Newsom declared a state of emergency Tuesday night and announced the deployment of over 1400 firefighters, to battle the “unprecedented fires.” While no fatalities have been reported, the cause of the fires is under investigation.; Source - Citi News

Trump has defeated Kamala harris in a historic defeat to become the 47th President of the United States of America. This becomes Trump's second term holding the office of the president.; As of 6th November 2024, Trump had won 280 electoral votes which amounts to 51% whiles Harris won 226 electoral votes which translates to 47.5%. Only 270 electoral votes is required to win the presidential race in USA and Trump has surpased that number.; Vice-president Kharmala Harris was set to become the first female president of America and resulted in her fan base being dominated by women. However It is clear that what led to Trumps victory were issues such as immigration and the war in gaza, with immigration being the most consequential. With a huge number of immigrants flooding the states from the southern border,; this was seen as a huge failure by Kamala harris as she was seen as in charge of the border but failed, she supported an open border policy and made it easy for people to come into the country with proper checks ,; which is something that the Americans are not so happy about. They believe this has impacted negatively on their economy and health care. ; Trump's camp was able to capitalized on this and proposed huge deportation of illegal immigrants, coupled with the idea of making America a great Nation once again. This undoubtedly led to his win.

The Russian - Ukraine war which has been on-going for 3 years now heading to an a possible end, after both sides in talks to agreed to a ceasefire. The cease fire is expected to last for 30 days if accepted , after which it can be extended for another 30 days with the hope of both sides finding a way to solve the root causes of the war.; This ceasefire has only been possible due to President Donald Trump, who made it his campaign promise to end the war when he gets elected into office.; Following his landslide victory in January, Trump started putting pressure on President Zelensky of Ukraine to resume diplomatic talks with President Putin of Russia. Trump enphasized in a décisive meeting with Zelensky at the white house, that he had to choose between ending the war, or USA withdrawing support for Ukraine. Ukraine was suppose to sign a minerals agreement with the US on that day but however that didn't happen.; This meeting didn't go well and Zelensky was sacked from the white house, Right after which the USA stopped sending arms to Ukraine, stopped sharing Intelligence and Satellite data.; Eventually Ukraine agreed to talks about a ceasefire, which was to take place in Saudi Arabia. The Saudi Arabia talks led to Ukraine agreeing to a ceasefire, however the details was not fully disclosed to the public. The ceasefire proposal was was sent to Russia by Trumps Special envoy and finally Putin agreed.; Now the next steps to follow will be the discussion on what each side is ready to concede. Russia was seen to be winning the war and now possess 20% of Ukrainian land, Most expect say Russian is not expected to give back those line which is understandable.; It is alleged that Russian President Putin agreed to the ceasefire on terms that Ukraine does not join Nato. However this is yet to be confirmed.